In officer-citizen interactions, which is NOT a component of procedural justice?

• A. Discretion without accountability.
• B. Fair treatment.
• C. Transparency.
• D. Opportunities for voice.

Answer: (A)

Procedural justice is about how decisions are made and the behavior people experience in the process. Key elements include treating people with fairness and respect, being transparent about what’s happening and why, and giving people a real chance to express their side or have a voice in the process. Having discretion without accountability, on the other hand, means officers can use power without any checks or oversight. That undermines fairness and trust, which is why it isn’t a component of procedural justice. The other three options—fair treatment, transparency, and opportunities for voice—fit squarely with procedural justice because they reflect how the process should feel to those involved.